Blockchain technology has revolutionized the financial industry with its ability to act as a central entity in financial transactions, but in a completely new way that guarantees decentralization, security, privacy, and unlimited access to information for all transaction actors. However, other industries did not take long to see the many potential benefits of using such technology. The maritime industry, especially the maritime trade and logistics branch, is also starting to use blockchain technology to improve work processes. This thesis gives an extensive overview of the basic working principles and relevant concepts of blockchain technology, with a special emphasis on the application of this technology in the maritime industry. Several examples of the implementation of blockchain technology in the maritime industry are presented, where it is possible to demonstrate all the benefits more adequately but also the challenges of using this technology.