Seaports are the interface between the sea and the mainland, so the work is started with conceptual explanations of maritime, ports and harbour systems. The concepts of port infrastructure and superstructure have been elaborated, which objects belong to which of these categories, and finally the technical equipment of sea ports in terms of devices used in modern ports. The second part deals with the classification, meaning and role of the seaport. The seaport is a multidimensional system combined between economical function, infrastructure system, geographical space and trade. In addition, a seaport is managed under a complex legal concept and managed through an organizational model that mostly generates the need for convergence of the public and private sectors. In order to see undeniable progress in the construction and organisation of ports, it is necessary to explain how the ports have developed from ancient times until today, so in the fourth chapter of this paper we have elaborated the theme of the emergence and development of maritime ports through history, from the first ports in the world to contemporary ports.