| Abstract | Pomorsko osiguranje te sva prava i obveze koja iz toga pravnog posla proizlaze ostvaruje se sklapanjem ugovora o osiguranju. Osim brodova, drugih plovnih objekata i robe osigurati se može i odgovornost brodara. Zaštita brodara od odgovornosti ostvaruje se učlanjenjem u P.&I. klubove, specijalizirane institucije za osiguranje odgovornosti prema trećim osobama. P.&I. klubovi posluju po načelu uzajmnosti odnosno članovi učlanjenjem preuzimaju obvezu zajedničkog sudjelovanja u snošenja šteta prema ostalim članovima. Glavno načelo po kojem P.&I. klubovi posluju je tzv. pay to be paid ili pay first pravilo po kojem se osigurani brodar može obratiti klubu za refundiranje iznosa tek kada se dokaže da je odgovoran za štetu nastalu trećoj osobi i kada brodar isplati naknadu štete. Odgovornosti za koje P.&I. klubovi pružaju pokriće su: odgovornost za štete iz sudara, odgovornost za teret i stvari ukrcane na osigurani brod, odgovornost za tjelesne ozljede, bolest i smrt posade broda i drugih osoba, obveze prema brodskoj posadi, osobne stvari članova posade i drugih osoba, novčane kazne, istražni i kazneni postupak, oštećenje nepokretnih ili plutajućih objekata, karantenske troškove, slijepe putnike, skretanje broda, osiguranje profesionalnih spašavatelja, spašavanje broda, doprinose u zajedničkoj havariji, odgovornost za podrtinu osiguranoga broda, onečišćenje morskog okoliša, odgovornost iz tegljenja, troškove u vezi s napucima kluba i pravne troškove. |
| Abstract (english) | Maritime insurance and all rights and obligations arising from this legal transaction are realized by concluding an insurance contract. In addition to ships, other vessels and goods, the liability of shipowners also can be ensured. Protection of shipowners from liability is achieved by joining P.&I. clubs, specialized institutions for insurance of liability to third parties. P.&I. clubs operate on the principle of indemnity, ie members, by joining, undertake the obligation to jointly participate in bearing damages to other members.The main principle by which P.&I. clubs operate is the so-called pay to be paid or pay first rule according to which the insured shipowner can apply to the club for a refund of the amount only when it is proven that he is responsible for the damage caused to a third party and when the shipowner pays compensation. Liabilities for which P.&I. clubs providing coverage are: liability for collision damage, liability
for cargo and items loaded on the insured ship; liability for bodily injury, illness and death of the ship's crew and other persons, obligations to the ship's crew, personal belongings of crew members and other persons, fines, investigative and criminal proceedings, damage to immovable or floating objects, quarantine costs, blind passengers, turning the ship, insurance of professional lifeguards, rescue of the ship, contributions to the joint accident, liability for the wreck of the insured vessel, pollution of the marine environment, liability from towing, costs related to the instructions of the club and legal costs. |
